Planar differential antenna for short-range UWB pulse radar sensor

A novel planar differential ultrawideband (UWB) antenna was designed and implemented on low-cost FR4 substrate and characterized experimentally. The dedicated design was motivated by the implementation of a UWB pulse radar sensor obtained by co-integrating a system-on-a-chip UWB pulse radar packaged in QFN32 package with the proposed antenna, one for the transmitter and one for the receiver. The experimental results confirm the predictions obtained by simulations, and the effectiveness of the novel antenna design for the implementation of low-cost short-range pulse radar sensor was validated by field operational tests

Two mm-wave vector modulator active phase shifters with novel IQ generator in 28 nm FDSOI CMOS

This paper presents two 4-bit (16-phase) mm-wave vector modulator phase shifters exploiting a novel in-phase and quadrature signal generator that consists of a single-input double-output cascode amplifier incorporating a lumped-element coupled-line quadrature coupler. The two circuit implementations have been designed and fabricated in a 28 nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS. The first (PS1) achieves a higher gain and the second (PS2) has a more compact area (reduced to about 50%). Each consumes 18 mA from a 1.2 V supply. PS1 exhibits an average gain of 2.3 dB at 87.4 GHz and B 3dB from 78.8 to 92.8 GHz; rms gain error of 1.68 dB at 87.4 GHz and <;2 dB in the B 3dB ; rms phase error of 9.4° at 87.4 GHz and <;11.9° in B 3dB ; S 11 <; -10.5 dB in B 3dB ; average P 1dB of -7 dBm; and average noise figure (NF) equal to 10.8 dB at 87 GHz. PS2 exhibits an average gain of 0.83 dB at 89.2 GHz and B 3dB from 80.2 to 96.8 GHz; rms gain error of 1.46 dB at 89.2 GHz and <;2 dB in B 3dB ; rms phase error of 11.2° at 89.2 GHz and <;11.9° in B 3dB ; S 11 <; -11.5 dB in B 3dB ; average P 1dB of -6 dBm; and average NF of 11.9 dB at 89 GHz

Comparative Analyses of Phase Noise in 28 nm CMOS LC Oscillator Circuit Topologies: Hartley, Colpitts, and Common-Source Cross-Coupled Differential Pair

This paper reports comparative analyses of phase noise in Hartley, Colpitts, and common-source cross-coupled differential pair LC oscillator topologies in 28 nm CMOS technology. The impulse sensitivity function is used to carry out both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the phase noise exhibited by each circuit component in each circuit topology with oscillation frequency ranging from 1 to 100 GHz. The comparative analyses show the existence of four distinct frequency regions in which the three oscillator topologies rank unevenly in terms of best phase noise performance, due to the combined effects of device noise and circuit node sensitivity

Feasibility Study and Design of a Wearable System-on-a-Chip Pulse Radar for Contactless Cardiopulmonary Monitoring

A new system-on-a-chip radar sensor for next-generation wearable wireless interface applied to the human health care and safeguard is presented. The system overview is provided and the feasibility study of the radar sensor is presented. In detail, the overall system consists of a radar sensor for detecting the heart and breath rates and a low-power IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee radio interface, which provides a wireless data link with remote data acquisition and control units. In particular, the pulse radar exploits 3.1–10.6 GHz ultra-wideband signals which allow a significant reduction of the transceiver complexity and then of its power consumption. The operating principle of the radar for the cardiopulmonary monitoring is highlighted and the results of the system analysis are reported. Moreover, the results obtained from the building-blocks design, the channel measurement, and the ultra-wideband antenna realization are reported

Dynamical quantum phase transitions of the Schwinger model: real-time dynamics on IBM Quantum

Simulating real-time dynamics of gauge theories represents a paradigmatic use case to test the hardware capabilities of a quantum computer, since it can involve non-trivial input states preparation, discretized time evolution, long-distance entanglement, and measurement in a noisy environment. We implement an algorithm to simulate the real-time dynamics of a few-qubit system that approximates the Schwinger model in the framework of lattice gauge theories, with specific attention to the occurrence of a dynamical quantum phase transition. Limitations in the simulation capabilities on IBM Quantum are imposed by noise affecting the application of single-qubit and two-qubit gates, which combine in the decomposition of Trotter evolution. The experimental results collected in quantum algorithm runs on IBM Quantum are compared with noise models to characterize the performance in the absence of error mitigation

Bound states and entanglement generation in waveguide quantum electrodynamics

We investigate the behavior of two quantum emitters (two-level atoms) embedded in a linear waveguide, in a quasi-one-dimensional configuration. Since the atoms can emit, absorb and reflect radiation, the pair can spontaneously relax towards an entangled bound state, under conditions in which a single atom would instead decay. We analyze the properties of these bound states, which occur for resonant values of the interatomic distance, and discuss their relevance with respect to entanglement generation. The stability of such states close to the resonance is studied, as well as the properties of non resonant bound states, whose energy is below the threshold for photon propagation